17/1/04

Mansour Hanged, Hamadeh and Zaatar Killed by Firing Squads
Unesco mass murderer Ahmed Mansour hanged before the crack of dawn Saturday as army troops killer Badieh Hamadeh and civil defense murderer Remy Zaatar died simultaneously before firing squads at the central government prison of Roumieh east of Beirut. Mansour's body was dangling from the gallows at one corer of the prison's courtyard when Hamadeh and Zaatar, tied blindfolded to makeshift poles in another corner, were shot by firing squads. An officer then advanced and fired the coup de grace into Hamadeh and Zaatar's heads.
The families of each of the convicts were allowed to see them privately in the death-row cells before the executions, which were dubbed by the Beirut Media Saturday as the first and last during President Lahoud's 6-year-old regime that expires next November. In a move obviously designed to allay local and global protests spearheaded by France, the European Union and the London-based Amnesty International, Lahoud signed presidential decrees Friday evening, commuting to life imprisonment six death sentences for four Lebanese, one Egyptian and one Syrian murder convicts, An Nahar reported.
Local protestors staged a night-long sit-in at Parliament's Star Square in downtown Beirut, branding black flags and such posters as 'thou shall not kill,' 'two crimes do not make justice' and 'capital punishment is also a murder crime.'

From: "Liste de diffusion du Mouvement SOLIDA" <liste@solida.org> Add to Address Book
To: clhrf@yahoo.com
Subject: Communiqué de SOLIDA Press release from SOLIDA
Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2004 23:50:15 +0100
(la version française suit)
ABOLISH THE DEATH PENALTY IN LEBANON
SOLIDA (Support for Lebanese Detained Arbitrarily) is greatly concerned by the resumption of capital executions in Lebanon after a 5-year suspension of the practice.
At present there are 30 individuals who are on death row in Lebanon. Three of them are slated for execution as early as January 17, 2004. While no one denies the reality of the crimes committed by these individuals and the suffering they may have caused others, SOLIDA is nonetheless concerned by the fact that Lebanon is preparing to impose on them an irreversible punishment, and calls upon all concerned authorities to agree to the necessity of permanently abolishing the death penalty in
Lebanon.Five good reasons for abolishing the death penalty in general:
1.    The death penalty is a violation of the right to life enshrined in article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
2.    Is it justifiable to redress harm with harm? It is often because they have harmed the lives of others that these individuals are condemned, and their death sentence is therefore a violation of their own right to life. In another words, their sentence to die is akin to punishing harm with harm.
3.    As defenders of human rights, we can only observe that a sentence to death and the detention that follows it are cruel and inhumane punishments, and as such they violate Article 5 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
4.    Statistics show that the death penalty has never been dissuasive, and its abolition in many countries has not had any effect on crime rates.
5.    There is always the risk of executing an innocent person.Lebanon and the death penalty:
Is the death of a guilty person a genuine relief for the victims' families? Is it more useful psychologically than a long prison sentence? Far from it. Isn't the most important aspect of it to detain the guilty person, prevent recidivism, and accompany the victims?
In terms of arresting the guilty persons, one can say that in Lebanon it depends on … the victim! Because if the victim is a "worthy" victim in the eyes of the authorities, the assassin will be actively hunted down and often arrested. But if the victim is somewhat of a nuisance to the authorities, as was the case for example with Ramzi Irani, the Lebanese Forces activist who was assassinated in May 2002, the assassin is a priori never hunted down. It would be useless to ask why.
By the same token, arresting and sentencing criminals to death in Lebanon is not done for the wellbeing of the victims' families or of society at large. It is done for pure media propaganda motives. A horrible example of this was the public execution of two criminals in Tabarja in 1998 whereby two thieves were hanged in front of the entire village for obvious election reasons. It actually turned out that whereas one of them was guilty of a homicide during the theft, the other thief had run away before the murder took place. In this case, does it make sense to execute all thieves? Sadly, this public execution had one main effect,
which was to traumatize the children who watched it, and some of whom were later reported to have attempted to strangle their schoolmates…Something to think about.
Finally, the mistakes of the judiciary in Lebanon, or rather the violations of the rights of the accused, make it such that there is great risk of executing innocent people who would not have benefited from a fair trial, or whose mental health may not been taken into account, or who could not have appealed the conviction, as happen often enough in Lebanon. The right to a fair trial, as stipulated by the international agreement pertaining to civil and political rights and to which Lebanon is
signatory, is indeed regularly and seriously compromised.It is time for Lebanon to abolish the death penalty.
Paris,January 15, 2004

ABOLIR LA PEINE DE MORT AU LIBAN
Le mouvement SOLIDA (Soutien aux Libanais Détenus Arbitrairement) est vivement préoccupé par la reprise des exécutions capitales au Liban après une suspension de cette pratique de plus de 5 ans.
Actuellement une trentaine de personnes condamnées au Liban à la peine capitale attendent leur exécution. Trois pourraient être exécutées dès le 17 Janvier 2004. Sans contester la réalité des crimes commis par ces personnes, et sans nier la souffrance qu'elles ont pu causer à d'autres, SOLIDA n'en demeure pas moins préoccupé par le fait que le Liban s'apprête à leur infliger ce châtiment irrévocable, et appelle toutes les autorités concernées à prendre conscience de la nécessité d'abolir
définitivement la peine de mort au Liban.Cinq bonnes raisons d'abolir la peine de mort (d'une façon générale) :
1. Il s'agit d'une violation du droit à la vie reconnu par l'article 3 de la Déclaration Universelle des droits de l'Homme.
2. Peut-on punir le mal par le mal ? C'est souvent parce qu'elles ont atteint à la vie d'autrui que ces personnes sont jugées, et leur condamnation à mort viole alors leur propre droit à la vie, autrement dit on punit le mal par le mal…
3. En tant que défenseurs des droits humains, nous ne pouvons que constater que la condamnation à la peine capitale et la détention qui s'ensuit constituent des traitements inhumains et cruels, et violent donc l'article 5 de la Déclaration Universelle des droits de l'Homme.
4. D'un point de vue statistique, la peine de mort n'est pas dissuasive, et son abolition dans beaucoup de pays ne semble pas avoir eu d'influence sur la criminalité.
5. Il existe toujours le risque d'exécuter un innocent.
Le Liban et la peine de mort :
La mort du coupable est-elle un soulagement pour les familles des victimes ? Est-elle plus bénéfique psychologiquement qu'une condamnation à une longue peine du criminel? Rien n'est moins sûr ; le plus important n'est-il pas d'arrêter le coupable, de prévenir la récidive et d'accompagner les victimes?
Pour ce qui est d'arrêter les coupables, on peut dire qu'au Liban cela dépend… de la victime ! Car si la victime est une " bonne " victime aux yeux des autorités, son assassin sera activement recherché et très souvent arrêté. Mais si la victime dérangeait quelque peu le pouvoir, comme le faisait par exemple Ramzi Irani, militant des Forces Libanaises assassiné en mai 2002, d'emblée le coupable n'est pas recherché. Inutile de se demander pourquoi.
Ensuite, au Liban, les criminels qui sont arrêtés et condamnés à mort ne le sont pas pour le bien-être des familles de leurs victimes, ni pour celui de la société, ils le sont pour de pures raisons médiatiques. Un exemple effrayant est l'exécution publique de deux criminels qui a eu lieu à Tabarja en 1998 au cours de laquelle deux cambrioleurs ont été pendus devant tout un village, pour des raisons électorales évidentes. Il apparaissait d'ailleurs que si l'un d'eux s'était rendu coupable d'un homicide au cours d'un cambriolage, l'autre s'était quant à lui enfui avant le meurtre. Dans ce cas, faut-il exécuter tous les voleurs ? Bref, cette exécution publique a eu pour principal effet de traumatiser gravement les enfants qui y ont assisté, lesquels se sont ensuite, pour
certains, livrés à des tentatives de strangulation sur leurs camarades d'école… A méditer…
Enfin au Liban les erreurs judiciaires, ou plutôt les violations des droits des accusés, font qu'il existe un risque énorme d'exécuter des personnes qui n'auront pas eu droit à un procès équitable - prenant par exemple en considération leur état mental, ou qui n'auront pas pu faire appel de la condamnation, comme cela arrive souvent. Le droit à un procès équitable, tel que prévu par le pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, auquel le Liban est partie, est en effet régulièrement et gravement bafoué.
Il est temps pour le Liban d'abolir la peine de mort.
Paris, le 15 janvier 2004.

EU to Lebanon: Cancel scheduled executions

The European Union and human rights groups urged Lebanon's president Emile Lahoud on Friday to halt the scheduled executions of three convicted murderers, which would be Lebanon's first executions in five years. Lebanese authorities recently resumed using capital punishment, opening the way for 27 convicted murderers to be executed. Three men were scheduled to be executed at dawn Saturday, one by hanging and two by firing squad in the courtyard of Roumieh prison.
Fourteen people were executed in Lebanon between 1994 and 1998, the period when the country carried out executions.
The executions are the first since 1998 and the first under Lahoud. Executions hadn't been carried out because former Prime Minister Salim Hoss had refused to sign the death orders during his time in office, saying execution was contrary to his convictions.
Under Lebanon's constitution, a death sentence must be approved by the president, prime minister and minister of justice. Lahoud, Prime Minister Rafik Hariri and Justice Minister Bahij Tabarra have approved the death sentences.
A statement issued by the EU Presidency on Friday expressed "dismay" at the Lebanese decision. "The EU calls on President Lahoud to use the authority granted to him to reverse this decision and thus to uphold the current moratorium," the statement said. Human rights watchdog Amnesty International urged Lahoud "to use his powers to immediately halt the imminent execution" of the three men, as well as those of the 24 other condemned prisoners.
"Beams of hope lit by a de facto five-year moratorium on the death penalty have been dimmed by Lebanon's decision to kill these men," a statement said. "Amnesty International is against the death penalty under any circumstances because of its cruelty, and also because the death penalty, when applied, did not prove to be a deterrent for crimes," said Nicole Choueiry, an Amnesty spokeswoman in London. The Paris-based International Federation of Human Rights Leagues also expressed "its deepest concern" at the announced executions. It called on authorities to commute all death sentences and abolish the death penalty. The federation brings together rights groups from across the world and is an advisory body to the United Nations.
Later Friday, around 150 youth, some carrying black flags, staged a sit-in near Parliament in downtown Beirut, lying on the ground. They were to meet with other activists outside Roumieh prison for an all-night sit-in.
"This is proof of the government's failure ... in dealing with everything including the reasons for crime. We can only hope the executions will not go through," said Walid Slaiby, coordinator for the National Campaign to Abolish Capital Punishment in Lebanon. Ahmed Mansour, convicted of killing eight colleagues in a shooting spree at a government building on July 31, 2002, will be executed by hanging. Badieh Hamadeh, convicted of shooting to death three members of the Lebanese army intelligence service trying to arrest him in south Lebanon on July 11, 2002, will be executed by a firing squad along with Remy Antoine Zaatar, who is convicted of murdering two civil defense colleagues in June 2000.
Security had been tight around the Palestinian Ein el-Hilweh refugee camp in the southern city of Sidon since Friday morning in anticipation of possible violence related to the execution of Hamadeh, who was linked to Islamic extremists inside the camp. Sheik Maher Hammoud, a hard-line Sunni Muslim cleric in Sidon, had warned that the execution "will not help serve our daily efforts to strengthen security in our city." Hamadeh took refuge in the lawless Ein el-Hilweh camp - which is off limits to the Lebanese army - after the killings. Lebanese forces descended to the edge of the camp but a confrontation was avoided when a Palestinian militant group delivered Hamadeh to the army five days after the shooting.

Human rights groups criticize Lebanon's planned executions
Last Updated Fri, 16 Jan 2004 18:28:58
LONDON - Human rights groups and the European Union are denouncing Lebanon's decision to resume the death penalty.
Lebanon will execute three convicted killers on Saturday, after a five-year hiatus on capital punishment.
Two will be put to death by firing squad and one by hanging. Amnesty International says death sentences have also been issued against 24 others, although a clemency committee has recommended two of them have their sentences commuted to life in prison. "The finality and cruelty inherent in the death penalty, and the lack of evidence showing it to be a deterrent to violent crimes, make it an inappropriate and unacceptable response to crime," said Amnesty International in a news release on its website. The EU has asked Lebanon to ban the death penalty altogether. Under Lebanese law, both the president and the prime minister must approve executions before they can take place. Written by CBC News Online staff

Irish PM asks Lebanon to halt executions
16 January 2004
Irish Prime Minister Bertie Ahern, whose country holds the rotating EU presidency, called on Lebanese President Emil Lahoud to intervene to stop the execution of three men, due to be put to death Saturday.
"Ahern expressed his very grave concern to the president in relation to the proposed executions, which would bring to an end the moratorium on the use of the death penalty that Lebanon has maintained since 1998," according to a statement on Friday from the prime minister's office. Ahern made his request in a letter to Lahoud.
"The Taoiseach (prime minister) pointed out that the members of the EU believe that the use of the death penalty is an affront to the dignity of human beings. "He urged Mr Lahoud to exercise his powers as president to halt the executions. "This follows a public call by the European Union earlier this week for the president to reverse this decision," the statement said. Text and Picture Copyright © 2003 AFP. All other copyright © 2003 EUbusiness Ltd. All rights reserved. This material is intended solely for personal use. Any other reproduction, publication or redistribution of this material without the written agreement of the copyright owner is strictly forbidden and any breach of copyright will be considered actionable.